Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a globally prevalent yet underrecognized respiratory pathogen that disproportionately affects high-risk populations. Between 2024 and January 2025, numerous hMPV clinical cases were recorded in China, India, and other Asian countries. Despite near-universal childhood exposure, diagnostic challenges persist due to clinical overlap with other respiratory viruses. This paper reviews the current understanding of its virology and transmission, noting a resurgence in the post-COVID-19 era. In the absence of specific antivirals or vaccines, the rising incidence highlights the urgent need for enhanced surveillance, clinical vigilance, and targeted research efforts.