Editors and Editorial Board
Editor-in-Chief: Giuseppe Nunnari, MD, Ph.D, MPH.
Professor of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Adjunct Assistant Professor, Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Microbiology, Philadelphia, USA
Executive Editor-in-Chief: Patrick Mallon, MD, Ph.D
Associate Dean for Research and Innovation, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College, Dublin, Ireland
Vice Editors
Prof. Lilian Abbo, Division of Infectious, Diseases, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
Prof. Andrea Calcagno, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Dr. Manuela Ceccarelli, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Dr. Antonio Di Biagio, Infectious Diseases Clinic, IRCCS San Martino–IST University Hospital, Genova, Italy.
Dr. Emanuele Focà, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Prof. Giordano Madeddu, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
Dr. Marilia Rita Pinzone, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Dr. Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Prof. Carlo Torti, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
Associate Editors
Prof. Santiago Moreno, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
Dr. Massimiliano Berretta, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
Prof. Bruno Cacopardo, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Prof. Una O’Doherty, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
Prof. Giulia Marchetti, University of Milan, Ospedale San Paolo di Milano, Milan, Italy
Dr. Michele Di Rosa, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Prof. Fabrizio Condorelli, University of Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Novara, Italy
Senior Editors
Prof. Lilian Abbo, University of Miami, USA
Prof. Massimo Andreoni, University of Torvergata, Italy
Prof. Gioacchino Angarano, University of Bari, Italy
Dr. Andrea Antinori, I.R.C.C.S. L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
Prof. David Burger, University of Liverpool, UK
Prof. Antonio Craxì, University of Palermo, Italy
Prof. Francesco Castelli, University of Brescia, Italy.
Prof. Roberto Cauda, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Prof. Antonella D’Arminio Monforte, University of Milan, Ospedale San Paolo di Milano, Italy
Prof. Gianni Di Perri, University of Turin, Italy
Prof. Ian Frank, University of Pennsylavania, Philadelphia, USA
Prof. Andrew Freedman, University of Cardiff, UK
Prof. Massimo Galli, University of Milan, Italy
Prof. Philippe Gallay, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, USA
Prof. Daniel Grint, University College London, London, UK
Prof. Andrea Gori, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
Dr. Giuseppe Ippolito, I.R.C.C.S. L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
Prof. Adriano Lazzarin, Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
Prof. Mattias Mandorfer, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna HIV & Liver Study Group, Vienna, Austria
Prof. Claudio Mastroianni, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Prof. Josè Moltò, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Prof. Santiago Moreno, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
Prof. Una O’Doherty, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
Prof. Carlo Federico Perno, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Prof. Mario Stevenson, University of Miami, USA
Dr. Umberto Tirelli, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
Prof. Pierluigi Viale, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Prof. Claudio Viscoli, University of Genova, Italy
Prof. Vincenzo Vullo, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Section Editors
Bacterial Infection
Prof. Stefania Stefani, University of Catania
Prof. Francesco De Rosa, University of Turin, Italy
Prof. Matteo Bassetti, University of Udine, Italy
Prof. Paola Di Carlo, University of Palermo, Italy
Clinical Pathology
Dr. Giulia Malaguarnera, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Hospital Infection
Dr. Saverio Latteri, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Prof. Abbo Lilian, University of Miami, USA
Prof Angelo Pan, University of Cremona, Italy
EBV and Human Endogenous Retroviruses
Dr. Giuseppe Mameli, University of Sassari, Italy
Ear, Nose and Throat
Prof. Salvatore Cocuzza, University of Catania, Italy
Dr. Paola Di Mauro, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Fungal Infection
Prof. Salvatore Oliveri, University of Catania, Italy
Hepatitis
HCV
Prof. Antonio Craxì, University of Palermo, Italy
Prof. Philippe Gallay, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, USA
Prof. Calogero Cammà, University of Palermo, Italy
Prof. Mattias Mandorfer, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Vienna HIV & Liver Study Group, Vienna, Austria
Prof. Daniel Grint University College London, London, UK
Prof. Sergio Babudieri, University of Sassari, Italy
Prof. Guglielmo Borgia, University of Naples, Italy
Prof. Massimo Puoti, University of Brescia, Italy
Prof. Giovanni Battista Gaeta, University of Napoli, Italy
Prof. Raffaele Bruno, University of Pavia, Italy
HBV
Prof. Giovanni Raimondo, University of Messina, Italy
Prof. Teresa Pollicino, University of Messina, Italy
HIV/AIDS
HIV Epidemiology
Dr. Salvatore Martini, University of Naples. Italy.
Dr. Benedetto Maurizio Celesia, ARNAS Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
Prof. Mura Maria Stella, University of Sassari, Italy
Dr. Giuseppe Ippolito, I.R.C.C.S. L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
HIV Pathogenesis
Prof. Mario Stevenson, University of Miami, USA
Prof. Guido Poli, San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
Prof. Mario Clerici, University of Milano, Italy.
Dr. Michele Di Rosa, University of Catania, Italy
Prof. Stefano Rusconi, University of Milan, Italy
Prof. Andrea De Maria, University of Genova, Italy
HIV Immunology
Prof. Andrea Cossarizza, University of Modena, Italy
Prof. Giulia Marchetti, University of Milan, Ospedale San Paolo di Milano, Italy
Prof. Andrea Gori, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
Dr. Gabriella D’Ettorre, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Prof. Miriam Lichtner, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Dr. Giancarlo Ceccarelli, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Dr. Claudio Ucciferri, University of Molise, Italy
Prof. Mario Venditti, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
HIV Drugs
Prof. Cristina Mussini, University of Modena, Italy
Dr. Silvia Nozza, San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
Dr. Giuseppe Lapadula, University Hospital of Monza, Italy
Dr. Franco Maggiolo, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Di Bergamo, Italy
Dr. Sergio Lo Caputo, Ospedale S. Maria Annunziata, Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze, Italy
Dr. Diego Ripamonti, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
Prof. Antonella Castagna, IRCCs San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
Prof. Simona Di Giambenedetto, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Prof. Andrea De Luca, University Hospital of Siena, Italy
Dr. Cristina Gervasoni, University of Milan, Italy
HIV Drug Resistance
Dr. Daniele Armenia, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Prof. Valentina Svicher, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Dr. Mariella Santoro, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
HIV Pharmacokinetis
Prof. Stefano Bonora, University of Turin, Italy
Dr. Marco Siccardi, University of Liverpool, UK
Prof. Antonio D’Avolio, University of Turin, Italy
HIV HCV Coinfection
Prof. Ivana Maida, University of Sassari, Italy
Dr. Lorenzo Badia, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
Prof. Annalisa Saracino, University of Bari, Italy
Prof. Nicola Coppola, University of Naples, Italy
Prof. Gloria Taliani, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
HIV HBV Coinfection
Prof. Ivana Maida, University of Sassari, Italy
Dr. Federica Sozio, University Hospital of Pescara, Italy
HIV Opportunistic Diseases
Prof. Andrew Freedman, University of Cardiff, UK
Dr. Renato Maserati, IRCCs San Matteo, Universtiy of Pavia, Italy
HIV Comorbidities
Dr. Giuseppe De Socio, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
Dr. Giordano Madeddu, University of Sassari, Italy
Dr. Marco Borderi, University of Bologna, Italy
Dr. Antonio Di Biagio, University of Genoa, Italy
Dr. Giovanni Guaraldi, University of Modena, Italy
Dr. Paolo Maggi, University of Bari, Italy
Dr. Giustino Parruti, University Hospital of Pescara, Italy
Prof. Leonardo Calza, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
HIV and Central Nervous System
Dr. Andrea Antinori, I.R.C.C.S. L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
Prof. Maria Rosa Ciardi, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
Dr. Paola Cinque, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Hospital, Milano, Italy
HIV and Tumors
Dr. Massimiliano Berretta, National Cancer Institute, Aviano (PN), Italy
Dr. Umberto Tirelli, National Cancer Institute, Aviano (PN), Italy
Leishmaniasis
Prof. Antonio Cascio, University of Messina, Italy
Prof. Claudio Guarneri, University of Messina, Italy
Occupational Medicine
Prof. Venerando Rapisarda, University of Catania, Italy
Dr. Caterina Ledda, University of Catania, Italy
Clinical Pathology
Dr. Michele Di Rosa, University of Catania, Italy
Prof. Carla Loreto, University of Catania, Italy
Prof. Massimo Libra, University of Catania, Italy
Osteomielitis
Dr. Patrick Mallon, MD, Ph.D, UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
Prof. Vito Pavone, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania, Italy
Parasitology
Prof. Francesco Castelli, University of Brescia, Italy
Dr. Piero Olliaro, WHO/TDR Director of Implementation Research in Neglected Tropical Diseases
Dr. Federico Gobbi, Center for Tropical Diseases (CTD), Sacro Cuore Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
Dr. Silvia Odolini, University of Brescia, Italy
Dr. Lorenzo Zammarchi, University of Firenze, Italy
Pediatric
Dr. Piero Pavone, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania, Italy
Prof. Lorenzo Pavone, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, Italy
Dr. Raffaele Falsaperla, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania, Italy
Dr. Giovanna Vitaliti, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania, Italy
Prof. Claudia Colomba, University of Palermo, Italy
Tuberculosis
Dr. Saverio De Lorenzo, Dipartimento di Patologia Respiratoria, A.O. della Valtellina e Valchiavenna, Sondalo, Sondrio
Dr. Alberto Matteelli, University of Brescia, Italy
Dr. Giuseppe Ippolito, I.R.C.C.S. L. Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
Vaccines
Dr. Matthias J. Schnell, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
Prof. Guido Silvestri, Emory University, Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, USA
Prof. Mirko Paiardini, Emory University, Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, USA
Viral Infection
Prof. Carlo Federico Perno, Universityof Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Prof. Mario Stevenson, Universtiy of Miami, USA
Prof. Valentina Svicher, Universityof Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Prof. Francesca Ceccherini Silberstein, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Dr. Maria Santoro, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Statistical Methods
Prof. Mario Bruno Cesana, University of Brescia, Italy
Prof. Alessandro Cozzi-Lepri, University College London, UK
Prof. Francesco Donato, University of Brescia, Italy
EDITORIAL BOARD
Santiago Moreno, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain (HIV Clinical Research)
Matthias J. Schnell, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA (Vaccines)
Philippe Gallay, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, USA (HIV HCV Basic Research)
Mario Stevenson, Universtiy of Miami, USA (HIV Basic Research)
Lilian Abbo, Universtiy of Miami, USA (Hospital Infections)
Josè Moltò, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (Pharmacology)
David Burger, University of Liverpool, UK (Pharmacology)
Paola Cinque, I.R.C.C.S. San Raffaele Hospital, Italy (CNS Infections)
Aylin Yilmaz, (CNS Infections)
Piero Olliaro, WHO/TDR Director of Implementation Research in Neglected Tropical Diseases (CNS Infections)
Francesco Castelli, University of Brescia, Italy (CNS Infections)
Federico Gobbi, Center for Tropical Diseases (CTD), Sacro Cuore Hospital, Negrar, Italy (Tropical)
Mattias Mandorfer, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (HCV)
Daniel Grint, University College London, UK (HCV)
Prof. Francesco De Rosa, University of Turin, Italy (Bacteria)
Editorial Member
Dr. Mauro Maresca, University of Catania, Italy
Dr. Castronuovo Daniela, University of Catania, Italy
Dr. Bagella Paola, University of Sassari, Italy
Dr. Rossella Fontana del Vecchio, University of Catania, Italy
Edoardo Scibilia, University of Catania, Italy
Editorial Office Director
Giovanni Lombardi