OBJECTIVE: Peritonitis is one of the most frequent complications in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Most of them have a bacterial origin, especially gram-positive microorganisms. Actinomyces peritonitis is rare in PD patients. We report an exceptional peritoneal infection due to Actinomyces odontolyticus in patients with PD.

CASE REPORT: A 51 years-old man who is on PD had acute abdominal pain, fever, dyspnea and cloudy drainage fluid. The diagnosis of infectious peritonitis was made based on the analysis of peritoneal fluid and computed tomography scan findings. The culture of the peritoneal fluid grew Actinomyces odontolyticus. The patient was treated with intraperitoneal vancomycin and oral ciprofloxacin for 6 weeks with a favorable outcome.

CONCLUSIONS: Prompt and early antibiotherapy led to easy resolution of Actinomyces PD peritonitis without the need to remove the catheter.